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xmIk beNd*;p;/*;Y " 48ú49 s;el y%n a;pin bhu–pIet ey;g ideCznà t%n ikNtu bhu–pI n;$eket ey k;j krezà ey &;eb k;j krez es$; a;m;edr ecn; iqeY$;r /re,r eqek %ubE a;l;d;à %ubE ibi&µà ÂtN]. AE iqeY$;rek icnezn b; AE b;z;E$; ik&;eb krezn? ik &;eb b; ekn? iqeY$;err ey ech;r;‡el; a;pin a;eg ede%eznà bhu–pIet Aes inXcYE ¤pliÊ kerezn ey A$; t;r mt i#k nYà t;r eqek %ubE a;l;d;à t;hel AE iqeY$;r$;ek ebez en\Y;à AE an* iqeY$;rek g[h, kr;à esE smYà t%n aenk$; k;j heCzà a;pin ede% buZet p;rezn eyà AE iqeY$;r \E iqeY$;r due$; a;l;d; Ab' b;zet p;rezn. at$; shj hYin t%nà t%n A$; Ak$; a;k;r g[h, krezà AE isÊ;Nt$;Y ik&;eb Aeln? kum;r
r;Y " a;sel t;r a;eg Ak$; b‹ `$n; AE
b;'l;edex eknà s;r; &;rtbeWR `e$ egez. ey$; heCz 43ú44
s;l eqek es$; `e$ez Abb' ekblm;] n;e$*r e=e] nYà em;$;mui$
s'¦Oitr ibi&µ ae^r me/*E es$; s÷;irt hiCzl ey
pirbtRn$;úúúúpirbtRn$;úúú pirbtRn$; aq;R_ ey$; clizlà
iqeY$;err e=e]E a;im a;isà es$; esE 43 s;el a;rb ¤ps;gerr
tIer beMbek ekNd[ ker ey a;Eipi$A. xmIk
beNd*;p;/*;Y " a;pin et; klk;t;r b;Eer eqek klk;t;Y
a;esnà iqeY$;er k;j kret º• kernà y%n a;pin kum;r r;Y " klk;t;Y a;s;r pr t%n nb;µ bN/ heY egizlà nb;µ a;r hY n;à 1945 s;el exW nb;µ heYez. xmIk beNd*;p;/*;Y " a;pin klk;t;Y keb Aeln? kum;r
r;Y " t%n a;im
klk;t;Y eqek irpn kelj eqek EN$;rimi@eY$ p;x keriz. t;rpr
r;Y$ eleg eglà cel egl;m r;jx;ih kelej. r;jx;hI kelej ¨itÃk
a;m;r shp;#I izl. ¨itÃk `$k ey prbtRI k;el aenk n;mI d;mI
m;nuW heYizeln ifeLmr jget. a;mr; \%;en Akrkm ker iqeY$;r$;
kret xu• ker izl;m. ikNtu sbeceY a;XceyRr b*;p;r ±%;nk;r
iqeY$;r$; a;m;edr rbINd[n;q ekiNd[k xmIk beNd*;p;/*;Y " a;pin ek;n n;$ek ai&nY kerizeln? kum;r
r;Y " piqek
piqekr ai&nY kerizl;mà a;mr; itne$ cire] izl;m. %ub
mj;r izl itni$. kilm sr;if es A%n b;'l;edex b‹ s^ItixLpI.
a;ez A%n\. \r \pr Ak$; @kuemN$;rI heY egl esidn. mh"
Ejr;Elà amr g;^ulI a;r a;im AE$; c;rjen imel ek;l;EY;r;s.
piqk a;s;nes;l br;br a÷elr Ak$; ek;ilY;rIek ekNd[ ker.
ek;ilY;rIr m;ilkp=à ek;ilY;rIr x[[imk p=à t;r me/* a;r
Akjn a;gNtuk Aes e!;ek piqk. AE ineYE k;ihnI$; ge‹ ¤e#izl.
Ak$; c;eYr ed;k;nek ekNÜ ker. Ak$;E
kum;r
r;Y " a;mr; aenk aenk per y%n a;guenr p;i%
Ab' m;ilnI kir a;m;r pirc;ln;Y t%n a;mr; buZet p;rl;m ey bIj$;
r¼²kbrIet ik ker eg;-s;EeYr m/* ideY /emRr p[;itë;ink
–p y=puir p[itë;nek c;l;en;r Ak$; a'x heYizl. es$; ikNtu
b‹ a;k;er
kum;r r;Y " a;m;r k;ez\ a;m;ek yid ek¤ belà ek¤ ije+s ker eyà a;pin &;l ek;n &;l cir]‡ilet ai&nY kereznà t;et r¼²krbIr eg-;s;E eymn blbà se^ se^ a;im blb putule%l;r @;" r;Y. ey$; Ebesenr @ls¿ h;¤esr @;" b*;é Ar b;'l; s'¦r,. ekn? Ak$; p[Xn a;ez eknr Ak$; ¤¼r ideY idE. ey el;k$; eg;-s;E kerezà s;/;r, &;eb a;m;edr A%;en rIit izlà rIit a;ez A%n\ ey a;im y%n Ak$; k;ií$' kir t%n eg;-s;E kiret; \$; &;l kerizà ± j;tIY cire]E \ek d;\. Øií$ir\$;EpÙ ií$ir\$;Ep kr;r Ab' ií$ir\$;Ep ker edY. A$; ifeLm &IW,E c;lu. ifeLm ed%ebn t;r b;Eer eber;et p;er n;. Ak$; el;kek y%n k;ê kr; hY ± rkm cir] hel t;ek ed\Y; hY Ab' t;etE es ker. iqeY$;er es a;p;r sÅ;bn; reYez belE es$; skelr e=e] n; hel\ a;im &;g* m;in ey a;m;r e=e] `e$ez ey eg;-s;E kr;r perE a;m;ek @;" r;Y kret ed\Y; heYezà Aekb;erE Ak$; @;¼²;r cir]. Ak$; icik_sk cir]. ± rkm sifsi$eke$@ sm;ejr me/* sifsi$eke$@ m;nuW t;r kq; blet p;r;. a;m;r &;eg* AE$; `e$ez ey ibprIt /mIR cir] aenkguel; krb;r suey;g xÅud; a;m;Y ideYizeln Ab' a;m;r /;r,; m;nueWr &;l elegizl. xÅud;r\ &;l elegizl. n; hel edebn ekn? a;r a;m;r inejr men heYizl t;hel ai&ent; iheseb a;im %;ink$; A$; \$; es$; kret p;ir.
kum;r r;Y " t;rpr /•n r;j;. yid r¼²krbI /ir t;rper putule%l;r @;" r;Y /ir t;rper a;r\ keYkbzr per 59 Ar per 64 A hl a¤idp;¤s Ab' rbINd[n;eqr r;j;. r;j;Y #;kudR; ed\Y; hl. ey eg;-s;E kerez r¼²krbIet esE rbINd[n;eqr a;erk$; n;$ek es #;kudR; krez. t;r a;eg 57 A @;k`er keriz. tOiPtid @;Eerš kerizeln. t;et a;im #;kurd; \ fikr due$; keriz ey$; per xÅub;bu kreln. i$i&et y%n hl t%n xÅub;bu kreln wcitr se^à t%n x;-\il izl. x;-\ilr se^ kerizl. x;-\il t%n aml krt. AE `$n;guel; `e$ez a;m;r jIben bŸ–pIet Ab' a;im %uxIà a;im a;niNdt ey At‡el; /re,r cir] a;im kret eperiz bŸ–pIet.
xmIk beNd*;p;/*;Y " ií$ir\$;Ep b*;p;r$; aqc ií$ir\$;Eep p‹ezn;à aqc A p;reb. kum;r
r;Y " t;hel idetn
n;. a;m;ek eg;-s;E Ar per putule%l;Y @;" r;Y idetn n;.
es$; knife@Ns. AE knife@Ns$; a;nR kret hY. AE el;kguelr k;ez
y;edr ineY a;im k;j krizà t;edr icnet hY AE ecn;r ey d=t;à
xÅud;r ey d=t;$; izl esE$; eqek %;ink$; ixe%iz Ab' Aedr
s;eq ik &;eb k;j$; kret hY. ibedex a;mr; xueniz ey @;Eerk$;r
ai&nY ex%;n n;. @;Eeršr a*;peYeN$@ hYà ai&ent;r;
a*;peYeN$@ hY. @;Eeršr iselš ker edn.. @;Eeršr ai&ent;ek
ed%;n n; itin puer;$; ek;úai@Ren$ kern. a;m;edr A%;en esE
b*bSh; nY. a;mr; edi%inà a;mr; a&*St nE. a;mr; xÅud;ek
ede%iz idenr pr idn a;m;edr ai&nY\ ixi%eYezn. a;m;edr
ekmn mu&emN$ hebà ek;q;Y bsebnà keMp;ijxn ik heb sbE
ixi%eYezn. es$ ik rkm hebà a;el; ik rkm heb t;\ eymn
a;el;cn; kretn a;m;edr se^ a;b;r ai&nY\ ixi%eYezn. xÅud;r
k;z eqek A$; ixe%iz ey ai&nY$;\ ex%;et hY. t;r k;r,
A%;en et; sb;E esE p[efx;n;l kiMpe$Ns ineY ai&nY kret
a;esin. a;mr; et; sb;E Aesiz ai&nY &;lb;is bel. a;im\
Aesizl;m t;E. ai&nY &;lb;is bel Aesizl;m. ikNtu ai&neY
ey kiMpe$Ns ineY p[efx;n;l ai&ent;r; y;n ibedex y; xuin
t;r; sb;E p[efx;n;l. t;edr Ak$; e$[in' heY Aesez. A%;en
due$; k;jE kret hY. Ak$; t;ek e$[n a;p kr;r ey b*;p;r$; aqR;_
t;ek Ak$; p[efx;n;l ele&el ineY y;\Y;r b*;p;r$; q;ek Øix=ekr
&uimk;$; q;ekÙ a;erk$; &uimk; heCz ey puer;$; ek;úai@Ren$
kr;à yq;qR pirc;lekr ey &uimk;à a;m;r mu&emeN$r
kLpn;$; kr;à a;m;r keMp;ijxenr kLpn;$; kr; A guel; kretE hY.
ikNtu esE se^ ai&ent; iheseb a;m;r i$mek\ ixi=t ker
tulet hY. A$; Ak$; b‹ gu•tÃpU,R b*;p;r. A%;en A$; ekblm;]
eb;/hY ibiCzµ `$n; bŸ–pIet nY A%;en sb;E smSt delrE eb;/hY
AE k;j$; kret hY. j;in n; a;im et; an* j;Yg;Y k;j kirin.
ikNtu a;m;r men hY smSt delE A$; Akjn pirc;lkek AE d;iYtÃ$;
inet hY eyehtu a;m;edr A%;en p[efx;n;l ek;en; e$[in' Ar iseí$mE
izl n;. p[efx;n;l a*;šr wtrI kr;r b*;p;r$; izl n;. sb;E
AErkm ker wtrI heYez. a;r Ak$; b*;p;r xÅud;r k;ez xmIk beNd*;p;/*;Y " Akidek eqek ed%et egel bŸ–pIek pirc;lk iheseb c;ln; kereznà xÅub;bu 20 bzr. kum;r r;Y " itirx bzrà 48 eqek 78 yid /r; hYà 78 s;el cel egezn. itirx bzr izeln. ikNtu k;j 71úA exW, 71 s;el exW p[ey;jn; b; pirc;ln;à ai&nY kerezn 78 pyRNt.
kum;r r;Y " Ar me/* due$; kq; a;ezà wbic]* ey esE smY izl n;à a;im yid Aekb;er esE piqk b; nb;µÛr punr;i&nY eqek /irà t;hel piqkà ¤lu%;g‹;à dxc½à t;rper r¼²krbIà c;ra/*;Yà putule%l;à r;j; Ab' aYidp;¤s Ab' exW idek b;ik Eith;sà brd;m;isà ec;p a;d;lt clez krelnà A‡el;et n;n;n wbic] A%;en izl. xmIk " ikNtu ± fmR‡el; a;m;edr aenk ecn; pÓitiët. rbINdÓn;eqr Ak$; fmRà ikNtu a;pn;r h;et ey‡el; heCzà ey‡el;et aenk &;°;ec;r; fmR\ a;sez. kum;r
r;Y " d;iYtB$; pe‹ egl pÓ;Y Ak$; aN/k;err
me/*. ±%;en xÅud; cel y;\Y; m;enà ibr;$ Ak$; aN/k;r wtrI
hl. pÓ;Y g&Ir g;ñ;Y pe‹ y;\Y;r mt hl. ek;q;\ eb;/hY
smebt Ak$; a;k;×; izel;à ey a;mr; b-;cbà Aekb;er ¤e#
y;eb n;à t%n a;mr; i#k krl;mà Ak$; bzr ed%; y;k n;. ¤in
78úA cel egeln. AE Ak$; bzr ed%; y;k n;. ik&;eb ed%;
y;eb ? a;m;r m;q;Y Alà Atidn ey$; hYinà esrkm ikzu Ak$;
kr;r drk;r. A$; eb;/ hY a;m;ek b-;iceY idl m;q;Y Al bel. A$;
et; smebt icNt;Y hY n;. a;pin\ xmIk " a;m;edr Ak$; kq;et a;setE hebà ey Atidn a;pin dlek c;ln; kereznà delr pÓ;Y sOiê muhUtR eqek delr se^ ge‹ ¤e#ezn. dlek\ ge‹ezn A&;eb. AEb;r smY Aesez inXcYE ey a;erk$; Ak$; pÓjnÎà a;r\ an* ntun ezelemeYr; t;r; bŸ–pIr d;iYtB tuel enb. bŸ–pIr hYt cir] p;L$;eb. Ak$; s'g#nek ey 50ú60 bzr /er AkE&;eb AE cir]ek /;r, kret heb t;r ek;n\ m;en enE. inXcYE p;L$;eb smeYr se^ se^ Ab' bŸ–pIet n;$k inbR;cn es$; b;r b;r pÓm;, kerez ey t;r; smeYr se^ t;l ere% n;$k kerez. Ae=e]\ es$; `$et p;er? AE%;en d-;i‹eY a;pn;r a;jek ik men hY. bŸ–pIr &ibW*t ik &;eb &;ebnà ik sms*; ed%eznà ek;n pq inet p;erà ik p;er n;à ik men hY a;pn;r? kum;r
r;Y " Ar a;eg AE pÓex« a;sb;r a;egE a;im
Ak$u ez;| pÓStuitr j;Yg;$; wtrI ker inE. s;r; edex el;k
n;$* ineY n;n;rkm prI=; inrI=; heYezà &;rtbeWRr ibi&µ
pÓ;eNt A$; heYez aenk idn eqekE. br' b;'l; iqeY$;er hYin.
km heYez. Ab' ese=e]à mi,puerr rtnd; ey k;j kereznà
k;n;h;EY;l;l ey k;j kerezn b; an*;n* j;Yg;Y h;ibb tnibr ey
k;j kereznà a;m;edr xmIk " Ab' a;m;edr edexr ngr;Yn et; A%n\ sMpU,R hYin. kum;r
" hYinà ngr;Yn sMpU,R hYin. k;ejE \$; a;ez e&ter.
k;ejE fuöektu p;l;et y%n a;mr; keYk xt;ÝI a;egr
`$n;$; ineY a;is a;mr;à isMpl geè;à fuöektu Akjn ixk;rIà
bnj sMpedr ¤per in&Rr ker t;r;à Ab' t;etE %;Y. t;rper
edbIr kOp;Yà eymn
|
t;r a;eg ep[eg[is&
r;E$;sR a*;es;ixeYxn Ab' per f*;isí$ iber;/I a;eNd;ln
el%k ixLpI s'e`rà t;rper &;rtIY g,n;$* s'e`r sUcn;$; 43
s;elà 44 s;el Únb;µÛ Ak$; /;K; idl. AE nb;eµr eb;/$;E
sbeceY k;yRkr izl a;m;edr ¤perà aqR;_ nb;µ ey ntun idx;$;
ed%;l iqeY$;erà ai&neYr idk eqekà n;$k inbR;cenr idk
eqekà t;r ¤pSh;pn;r idk eqek sb$;E ikNtu a;m;edr ey$;
clizlà ey iqeY$;r$; a;m;edr ecn; iqeY$;r izel; es iqeY$;er
at b‹ b‹ m;nuW izeln. ai&ent; ihs;eb t;edr dr yeqëà
s;r; pOiqbIr tuln;Y ed%; eyet p;erà ai&ent; ihs;eb t;r;
aenk b‹ m;eprà Ab' es%;en iqeY$;r dxRk ed%t. yueÊr smY
%;ink$; eg;lm;l heY igeYizl. ikNtu t; setÃ\ t;edr n;mà
t;edr d;mà Ab' t;edr a;kWRe, dxRekr iqeY$;er a;s; A sbE ab*;ht
izl. ikNtu nb;µ ey k;ç$; `i$eY idl h#;_à Øa;im edi%in
nb;µà ikNtu t;et ikCzu y;Y a;es n;Ù t;r ey p[&;b b;'l;
iqeY$;err sMpekR icNt;ekà %;il iqeY$;r nYà g;nà zib
a;-k; sb$; imileYE ey s;'¦Oitk pirmçl$; wtrI heY egl esE
p[&;ebr me/* a;mr; Aes p‹l;m. t;r fel a;;m;edr icNt;$;
se^ se^ s'ht het xu• krl. ± nb;µ ekiNd[k ey ntun
&;bn;à esE &;bn;$; eqek es s'g[h kret xu• krl. kI
es &;bn;$; izlà A$; ije+s kr;E Y;yà bl;E y;Y \$; eqek
tf;_$; ek;q;Y. tf;_$; AE hl ey ±%;en y; ikzu htà ey /re,r
n;$k htà ey /re,r ai&nY b; ai&neYr /r, ht Ak$; stylised
flamboyant
ai&neYr ey /r,$; izlà t;etE el;k a;kiWRt ht. in"seNdeh es$;et; drk;r izlà esE smY dxRkedr k;ez
esE$;E c;lu izlà Ab' A$;et; a;mr; j;nt;m iqeY$;err z;]
ihesebà iqeY$;err sMpekR p‹;ºn;Yà ey igrIx e`;W eqek ey
yug$; xu• heYizl ixixr b;bu Aes esE yug$;ek e&e°
izeln. inXcYE Ak$; ntun ikzu heyizl. ixixrb;bur a;ml eqek
s;/;r, r^;leY yug pirbtRenr a;r suey;gE epl n;. m;Z%;en nb;µ
Aes &;rtIY g,n;$* s'` Aes Ab' bŸ–pIr mt dl wtir heY
aenk$; ntun yug wtrI hl. ey$;ek ideY AE pbR$;. aqR;_
igrIxb;bu ixixrb;bur yuegr per &;rtIY g,n;$* s'e`r
a;betRr me/* ey ntun dlguel; wtrI het xu• krlà t%n ikNtu
a;mr; Ak$; ntun idx;à iqeY$;r sMpekR ntun &;bn;à puren;
aenk &;bn;ek rd kerà iqeY$;r ik ker a;m;r jIbn sMpO¼²
hebà ik ker iqeY$;r sm;j sMpO¼² hebà ik ker iqeY$;err
me/* ideY a;im a;jekr m;nueWr k;ezà m;nueWr ey du"%
dudRx; wdn*à &;lb;s;à ep[m sb$;E p[k;x kret p;rb. ±rkm
alIk ek;n ikzu nY. AE &;bn;$;E ikNtu a;m;edr ntun
iqeY$;err idek a;kWR, kerizl y;r jn* ntun yug$; wtrI hlà
ikNtu Akrkm&;eb nb;µek ekNd[ ker.
hl.
a;m;r ikNtu A%;nk;r AE ey s;/;r, &;eb mfSbel
iqeY$;r htà klk;t;r eS$ej ey n;$k‡el; htà m;en s;/;r, r^;leY
ey n;$kguel; ht t;E ideYE ht. puer;en; s;m;ijkà ±ith;isk
n;$kguel; b; epor;ink n;$kguel; ai&nIt htà t;et\ ai&nY
keriz a;im a;m;edr \%;en m;en idY;jpuer q;ket. esE rkm
n;$ekr me/*\ a'x g[h, keriz. ezelebl; eqekE n;$ekr p[it Ak$;
a;kWR, izl. ikNtu \%;en igeY a;mr; rbINd[n;eqr n;$k /rl;m.
A$;
krezn. a;mr; t%n ± ek;ilY;rIr x[imk
c;rjn imel Ak$; i$m idlà t;edr\ &Uimk; izl. p[qmidek
t;r; Aekb;erE Eni@i&juY;l x[imk iheseb ed%; y;iCzl.
ikNtu n;$k yt Aeg;et q;ekà tt=e, smb;Y wtrI hY Ab' exW dOx*
hY t;edrek ideYE. aq;R_ t%n ± s;/;r, x[imkguel; t%n eyn Ak$;
a;l;d; xi¼² iheseb represented
hY \%;en. Aguel;et a;m;r ai&+t;r b;Eer izl n;. esEguel;
A%;en ed%l;m a;im. Ar per ez-‹;t;r hl. ez-‹;t;er s;m;n*
ez;$%;$. ikNtu Eitme/* a;m;ek klk;t;r b;Eer cel eyet hY. esE
smY a;im Aki$ c;krI p;E. c;krI epeY klk;t;Y b;Eer cel y;E.
p[it ribb;r A%;en a;st;m k;ejE 50 s;el p[et*k$; ribb;rguel; ineY i@esMbr
m;es hl Ab' 51 s;el
j;nuY;rI m;es ribb;r‡el; ineY in¤AMp;Y;er ey p[qm efií$&*;l
hlà es$; eb;/hY First
of its' kind. b;'l;
iqeY$;er efiê&*;l heCz Ak$; g[³epr itni$ n;$k ineYà
piqkà ¤lu%;g‹; \ ez-;‹;t;r. t%n p[it ribb;r r;e] e$[en
¤e# sk;el Aes in¤ AMp;Y;er a*;e$ç ker 12$;r e$[en ifer
cel eyt;m. eknn; c;krI. AE &;ebE s'ey;g$; izl. A%;en cel
Al;m per. r¼²krbI 1954 s;el eqek. c;r a/*;eY\ bidn ai&nY
keriz. p[qem ey p[St;bk izlà es$; bidn keriz. a;pn;r;
a;m;ekE ede%ezn. piqkà ¤lu%;g‹;à ez-‹;t;r
Ab' c;r a/*;Y hl. 1952 s;el dxc½ hl. AE ai&+t;‡el;
a;eSt a;eSt s÷Y heCz. dxce½ a;im jnb;,I pi]k;r Ai@$r
k•,;à es$; krt;m. gˆg;d;r mOtu*r per ep[esr m;ilk r;/;n;q
keriz. Arpr 1954 s;el r¼²krbI hl Ab' es$; a;r Ak$; b*;p;r
hl. yid nb;µ Ak$; idkdxRk hYà a;m;r /;r,;à r¼²krbI\
b;'l; iqeY$;er a;r Ak$; m;El eê;nà m;en idkdxRn. Ak$; ibWY
eqek a;r\ Ak$; ntun idx; m;nuW ed%et epl. º/um;] me÷
rbINd[n;qek punr;ib>k;r kr; nYà rbINd[n;qek ekNd[ ker ey
p[ey;jn;$; hlà esE s;mig[k p[ey;jn;r\ Ak$; p[&;b ibr;$
ker b;'l; iqeY$;err ¤pr Aes p‹l. 
el;ek et; &;betE
p;erin ey ± p[ey;jn;$; het p;erÞ hYà ± n;$k$;ek ±&;eb
kr; y;Y. t;r fel esE smY aenk iber;i/t;\ heyez. a;b;r b
m;nueWr smqRn\ a;mr; epeYiz. iber;i/t; heYez ak;re,. ai&ey;g
hl a;mr; rbINd[n;qek distort
keriz. A$; a;m;edr ib•eÊ Ak$; ai&ey;g. ikNtu esE ak;r,
ai&ey;g$; ey Aekb;erE alIk izl es$; p[m;, ker ideYez
m;nuW. m;nuW esE n;$k ede%ez &;lebes Ab' dI`Ridn esE
n;$k celez Ab' t%n m;nuW j;nl ey AE p[ey;jn;Y b;'l;
iqeY$;err m;n a;r Ak$; ntun em;‹ inl nb;µr per. AE dx
bzerr m;q;Y. 1944 A nb;µà 1954 et r¼²kbrI. AE dx bzerr m;q;Y
ikNtu Ak$; a;l;d; `$n; b;'l; iqeY$;er `e$ egl. Ab' yid
Aekb;erE b*i¼²gt &;eb bilà a;im r¼²kbrIetE ai&ent;
iheseb AE%;en ÂIkOit epl;m a;im. t; an*guel; ik heCz. a;mr;
ai&nY keriz. es ÂIkOit Ak /re,r. ai&nY krizà participate
keriz. ikNtu ai&ent; iheseb
ey ÂIkOit$; es$; ikNtu a;im r¼²kbrIetE epl;m ± eg;-s;E
Ar cire]. due$; n; itne$ isn. itne$ isn n;$ek a;ez. xÅud;
Ak$; isn kretn n;. ikNtu a;m;edr Ai@e$@ &;s;R;en
due$; isn izl. esE due$; isnE n;$ekr idk eqek Øa;pin j;enn
&;l kerÙ %ubE ‡•tÃpU,R. Ak$; f;gul;là cNd[; ibºr
se^ Ank;¤N$;rà a;r Ak$; gÕur se^ Ank;¤N$;r m;en mue%;mui% h\Y;.
t;r fel ikNtu puer; y=puirr x;senr Ak$; idk %ub p[k;x ept.
Ak$; el;ekr m;/*emà eymn sdR;r izlà etmin
eg;-s;EeYr m;/*em\ ikNtu a;r A$; idk p[ki$t ht. y=puirr
s's;r$; ekmn ker cel.
a;mr;
± a;‡enr p;i%à a*;enr l;l \eY& n;$k$;r anub;d ey$;
a;m;edr jn* p;ekRr jIbin ineY ey$; ey%;en /mR kt%;in k;j
krizl a;mr; ede%iz. a;b;r i#k m;ilnIet\ a;mr; ed%l;m /mR kt$;
AE r;ê[ xi¼²ek pirc;ln;r e=e] k;j kret p;erà ek;q;Y ineY
eyet p;erà m;nb /mRek kt$; %bR kret p;er. A$; ede%iz. ikNtu
t;r bIj$; eb;/hY ±%;en izl. AE rkm kerE ± ey;gguel; a;mr;
p;E ±%;n eqekE. ikNtu nb;µà r¼²kbrIà c;r a/*;Y p[ey;jn;
Ak aeqR. t;E b; bil ekn a;mr; ¤lu%;g‹;r kq; ekn blb n;.
¤lu%;g‹;et ey aqiri$rE &uimk; ¤lu%;g‹; n;m$; ede%E
eb;Z; y;Yà ¤lu%;g‹; esE k•,;à t;r ´Ià ik as;/;r, ai&nY
htÞ Ab' es$;et eb;Z; eyt ey Ak$; aqiri$r k;ez ik pirm;n nit
ÂIk;r kret kret Ak$; p[;, ekmn nê heY eyet p;er. ey
xmIk
beNd*;p;/*;Y " a;pn;r =mt;r p[it pirc;lekr Ak$;
ibXb;s esE j;Yg;$;r p[m;,E ikNtu AE &uimk;guel;.
kum;r
r;Y " aenk%;in epeYiz A$; p[qemE bel inE.
ikNtu aenk%;in blel A$; vague
kq; hY. a;im A$; k'i½$ j;Yg;Y ineY eyet c;Eiz. p[qmkq; Ar
e&ter Ak$; anuxIln i@isip®enr a;ez. t; n;hel p;r; y;Y
n; kret. ai&nY$; inejr i&tr erise@N$ q;kel ai&nY
hYt kret p;r; y;Y. ikNtu inedRxn;r ey k;j$; xÅud;r k;z eqek
ex%; es$; heCz s'g#inkà Ak$; i@isip®n wtrI kr;r =mt;. AE$;
n; q;kel ikNtu a;pin p;-cjn el;kek ineY k;j kret p;rebn n;.
xÅud;r k;z eqek ey$; ixe%izl;m AE ey p;-cjn dxjn pener;jn
el;kek ineY ey k;j kr; t;edr j;n;. AE j;n;$; ikNtu xÅud;
&IW, kerE j;netn. j;netn belE
xmIk
beNd*;p;/*;Y " yid /ir xM&ub;bu puer; femR p[itë;
50 s;elà 49ú50 s;el y%n itne$ n;$k Aks;eq heCzà t;rpr
eqek 71 A exW p[ey;jn; b; pirc;ln;. ¤in pirc;ln; kerezn s'g#nek
p[;Y 20 bzr Ar Ak$u ebxI. ikNtu a;pin ey%;en pÓ;Y 35 bzr.
79 s;l eqek 2005 pÓ;Y itirx bzr het cll. a;r pirc;lk ihs;eb
y%n a;pn;r ¤pr d;iYtB$; Alà Ab' y%n A d;Y$; a;pn;r ¤per
Aes p‹là t%n a;pn;r ± a;egr ix=; eqek a;pin pirc;lk
iheseb a;pin Ak$; an*&;eb ikzu k;j krebnà es k;j‡el;
hYt a;eg kr; hYinà an*&;eb Ak$u &;bebn ß A$; t=ui,
&;beln n; a;r Ak$u per &;bet º• kreln. Akidk eqek
xÅub;bur pbR Ab' a;pn;r pebRr me/*à wbice]*r idk eqek ibi&µ
rkemr n;$kà ibi&µ rkemr Âr/Bin pÓ;Y ex;n; y;Yà ibi&µ
rkemr a;dxRà mt;dxRà /;r,;à Amnik n;$ekr femRr\ aenk ebxI
ikNtu wbic]* a;ez. A$; ik&;eb `$ez? A$; ik a;pn;r icNt;
eqek a;sez n; `e$ y;eCz aenk ikzurE idk eqek.
j;ennà AE kt‡el; k;j a;ezà ey smebt g,t;iN]k pÊitet hY
n;à a;el;cn; ker hY n;. m;q;Y Alà Atidn y; hYin bŸ–pIetà
esErkm ikzu ideY a;rÅ kret heb. k;r, efl kret p;ir a;im.
t;et ikzu %;r;p heb n;. k;r, xÅud;r per efl krel ik a;r heb.
xÅud;r mt amn Akjn towering
personality, towering =mt;
ineY itin k;j kerezn. es%;en a;im efl krel ik heb? AE &;bn;
eqek a;im due$; ijins &;bl;m. Ak s'¦Ot n;$ekr ek;en;
b;'l;–p b;'l;r iqeY$;er hYinà m;en xÅud; kernin. m;eZ
m;eZ ECz; htà k;ild;esr xkuNtl; krb. mOCzki$ekr\ kq; Ak a;/b;r
¤e#ez. hYin. a;r eb[%$¿ xÅud; kernin. a;m;Y pÓqemE
yid kret hYà k;j$; an* j;Yg;Y ineY eyet heb ± /;r; eqek AE
icNt; eqek a;m;ekE b-;iceY ideY izel;. m;en es$; `$n;ce½E
eh;kà a;m;r e&ter ek;q;\ Ak$; k;j krizl dI`Ridnà es$;
eqek\ het p;erà %ub conciously
nYà ikNtu ± smY$; a;m;ek
conciously &;bet
heYizlà ey AE pq$; pirh;r ker m;en pÓeY;jn;à pÓeY;jn;r
/;r; nYà pÓeY;jn;r ey n;$kà ±$; an*rkm krbà ey$; kr;
hYin Atidn. t;hel aNtt" kmepY;r$; heb n;. t; n;hel
± /;r;Y krel comparison
ht. A%;en ai&nY$; ntun
kret hlà m÷ ntun kret hlà ep;x;k a;x;k ntun kret hl. Ab'
ai&nY$;et a;im y%n ej*;itirNdÓ n;eqr ± translation
$;ek gÓh, krl;mà a;im
ikNtu em;$;mui$ a;ekREk &;W;$; r;%b;r ecê; keriz. m;eZ
m;eZ e&e°izà y; buZet p;reb n; Aekb;erE. es‡el;ek
e&e°izà y%n a;im E'erjI translation
ideYiz. k;r, A%;nk;r ey translation
‡el; izl ej*;itirNdÓn;q
b;edà ey‡el;Y ai&neYr ey;g*t; enEà izl n;. wilson
Ar translation \
ede%iz. t;r eqek ineY em;$;mui$ ej*;itirNdÓn;eqr translation
$;ek bj;Y r;%;r ecê;
kerizl;m. t;r fel a;im Ak$; suey;g epeY egl;m an*rkm krb;r.
Ab' `$n;ce½ smSt ai&ent; ai&en]Ikul a;m;r y; izl
t%n t;r; sb;E imel pÓeY;jn$;r se^ t;l imileY ai&nY Ab'
an* k;j‡el; kret eperizeln. eperizeln belE \$; sÅb hl. Â&;bt
± ai&neYr /r,$; a;m;r A%;en hYin. ± j;tIY ep;x;k
pirCzd wtrI kerizl;mà %;eld s;ehb ker ideYizeln SbgIRY
p[hsenà t;r eqek %;ink$; a;Nd;j izl ey Arkm hebà an;rkm kr;
hl. sb$; imileY Ak$; an* /r, hlà ey$; ede% p[qemE el;ek bllà
n; Arkm et; hYin. Compare
kr;r b; tuln;mUlk ek;en;
a;el;cn; kr;r suey;g m;nuW epl n;. ntun ikzu ijins ed%iz bel
a;m;r pe=à a;m;edr pe=à bhu–pIr pe= skelr pe= \$;
&;g* bel emen inet hl a;m;edr. t;rpr eb[%$¿à eb[%$¿
xM&ud; kernin. a;im Ak$; $[;neSlxn ineY Aesizl;m
rkm ker ± isn$; hebà AE rkm heb. ÚÚtuim et;
g;i‹ iknb;r a;eg e`;‹; iken bes a;zÛÛ ú xÅud; a;m;Y
bleln. a;sel a;m;r a&*;s$;E izlà m;en A%n heYE egez
ey$;à a;im y%nE n;$k$; &;ibà t%n a;im n;$ekr an*
&;bn;\ e&eb efil. A$; hYt perE &;b;r kq;. ikNtu
`$n;ce½ a;m;r a&*;s bxt" a;m;r men hY a;im y%nE
n;$k$; &;bbà t%nE m÷$;\ &;bb n; eknÞ t;et a;m;r
keMp;ijxn kr;r suib/;. esE &;bn; eqekE a;im belizl;m ey
Arkm Ak$; heb. a;m;ek itr¦;rE kerizeln h;set h;set. t; a;im
buZl;m krebn n;. t;rpr kreln n;. t;rpr et; ¤in celE egeln.
a;m;r m;q;Y izlà eb[%$¿ kr; hYinà eb[%$¿ krbà eb[%$¿
krl;m. t;rpr itn bzer itne$ n;$k krl;m. AE itne$ n;$k kr;r
pr a;m;ek ifer t;k;et hl n;. k;r, itne$ a;l;d; a;l;d; /re,r.
men;j ime]r r;jdxRn. ± /r, bŸ–pIet hYin. AE$; a;m;Y b-;iceY
idl. bŸ–pIek b-;iceY idl. Ab' xÅud;r ix=;etEà ixi=t
heYE A%;nk;r sb;E k;j$; kerez. t%nE pyRNt puer;en; el;ekr;E
izl. ntun el;k et; a;esin. puer;en;r;E krez. ikNtu /r,$;
p;eL$ egl. n;$ekr me/* es /r,$;Y an* Â;d epl el;ek. A$; eb;/
hY a;m;edr b-;iceY ideYizl.
k;ez es‡el; pÓ;Y Ak$; indxRn heY izl Ab' bŸk;l /er A$;
men krt;m ey a;mr; p;irin A$; kret. AE$;ek A„ep®;r (explore)
kret p;irin. A$; i#kE t;r;
pÓet*ekE A„ep®;r kereznà t;r inejr inejr e=e]. ey &uimj
¤p;d;n‡el; izlà ey s'¦Oitr me/*à h;etr k;ezà es$;
epeY\izelnà a;m;edr es$; enEà izl n;. a;m;edr ±$; Ak$; du&R;g*E
ey a;m;edr E'irij iqeY$;er se^ kn$;š (contact)
$; aenk a;eg heYizl keYk$;
j;Yg;Y. ibexW ker a;m;edr b;'l;Yà t;r fel a;mr; \‡el;
sMpekR %ub gÓ;h*E kirin. ikNtu y%n men hl ey \$;\ kr; y;Yà
t%n iknu k;h;err eq$;err mt Ak$; iS½P$ a;mr; epl;m men;j
im]Ûr el%;. es$; ikNtu a;b;r inejedr &;°et hl aenk$;E.
Atidn ey /;r;Y ai&nY heYez. a;im AE$;et a;sb;r jn*E AE
kq;‡el; bliz a;rikÙà esE ai&neYr /;r;ek &;°et
hlà Ab' pÓ;Y Ak$; aecn; jg_ek a;m;edr a;ib>k;r kret hl.
yid a;pn;r men q;ekà iknu k;h;err eq$;er a;mr; \$;ek A„ep®;r
kret eperizl;m a;m;edr kne$ks¿$ (context)
eqekà a;m;edr &;\Y;EY;
eqek\ inet hYinà mi,puerr k;j eqek\ inet hYinà mi,puerr
rtnedb ey k;j kern m;xR;l a;e$Rr es%;n eqek\ inet hYinà
a;m;edr zi¼xgi‹Y;\ inet hYin. AE%;n eqek ineYEà AE%;nk;r
m;i$r eqekE eyn \$; hl. aenkidn b;ed 
fuöektur p;l; krl;m AE esiden. fuöektur p;l;r per a;r\
due$; n;$k aim keriz. dIpdç h;elr n;$k$; t;r a;egr n;$k$;
iniWÊ i#k;n;. fuöektur p;l;et a;b;r a;mr; jIbenr k;ezà
el;k jIbenr k;ez Al;m. fuöektur p;l; b;'l; s;ihet*r Ak$;
b‹ ¤p;%*;nà fuöektu ¤p;%*;nà mns;m^l Ab' c¹Im^elr ey
¤p;%*;n reYez t;edr eqek ¤p;d;n ineYà A%nk;rE n;$*k;r
wtrI ker ideYizelnà itin es‡el;ek %nn kereznà a;mr; pÓey;jn;
kr;r smY es‡el; %nn kret heYezà ey %nenr me/* ideYE a;mr;
aenkidn b;ed a;b;r fuöektur p;l;$; kret eperiz p;l; g;enr
mt kerE Ab' esE%;en aenk‡el; ijins a;mr; ed%et epl;m ey
a;mr; aehtuk &;bt;m ey m;nuW A$; eneb n;. m;nuW buZet
p;reb n;. m;nuW an;Y;es eb;eZ. a;m;edr e&terE et; ek;q;\
reY igeYez el;k s'¦Oitr Ak$; /;r; ¤p/;r;. a;m;edr e&ter
e&ter clez Atidnk;r s'¦;r.
pÓet*ek
∫et Ak$; edbIr kOp; Aes eytà esErkm edbIr ∫et
es b‹ el;k heY eglà b‹el;k heY igeY\ ikNtu es &;bez
j^l k;$b n;. es &;bezà ik ker an* j;Yg;Y c;Wb;s ker
%;\Y; y;Yà a;nNd kr; y;Y. t;rpr l‹;E\ hYà a;erk$;
p[edexr se^ l‹;E hY. fuöektu p;l; krb;r smY a;m;edr men
hl t%n delr ey keMpijxn p;eL$;ez. A$; inXcYE &;bet
p;rezn n;à 30 bzr a;eg ey keMp;ijxn izlà xÅud; y%n eze‹
egelnà t%n ey keMp;ijxn izlà a;j\ esE keMp;ijxn q;kebà
q;keb n;à q;ket p;er n; Ab' ibbtRenr inYm anuy;iYE p;er n;.
Arpr y%n iniWÊ i#k;n; krl;mà es$;ek Aekb;erE xhrek ekNdÓ
ker. xhrek ekNdÓ ker a;jekr iden Ak$; aLp bY¦ ezelà ib A
p;x kerez sebà &;bez AE smY$;ek feelúE
kret p;riz n; a;imà es rbINdÓn;eqr s;eq s'l;p blezà rbINdÓn;q\
t;r se^ kq; blezn AE smY$;ek eb;Zb;r jn*. rbINdÓn;q blezn
a;im ± ezel$;r k;z eqek \$; ixe%izà ey ezel$; @ueb mret
eceYizlà x*;\l;Y a;$ek igeYizl ey nIecr tl;$;Y ik a;ez
j;nb;r jn*. eskq; \r k;z eqek ejeniz. ± ezel$; bel rbINdÓn;eqr
ey kibt; a;ezà a;im\ et; j;nt;m n;. a;im\et; ± ezel$;r k;z
eqek ejeniz ey nIecr tl;$;Y ik a;ez es$; j;net heb a;m;ek.
ik a;ez? AE‡el; a;m;edr ix=; edYà t%n men hY AE smSt
&;bn;$;ek ineYE ik a;m;edr a;im dl$; c;l;et p;rb. dl$;
q;keb. k;r, AE‡el;ek ey ntun men hlà AksePl;r kr; hlà AksePl;r
kr; y;ek bel t;Eet; kr; hl. ikNtu es$; ed%et igeY h#;_ a;ib>k;r
krl;mà ey smY$; b‹ dÓ²t p;eL$ y;eCz. asÅb dÓ²tà ey
AE dÓ²tt;$; a;mr; kLpn;E kret p;riz n;. eSpes ey iSp@ iSp@½;f¿e$r
es$; eymn a;mr; kLpn; kret p;ir n; A%;en besà AE smY$;\ ±
rkm Ak$; dÓ²tgitet an*idek cel y;eCz. Ab' esE$; eqek ik
ker s;ml;en; y;eb puer;$;ek. a;im et; iknu k;h;err eq$;r
krizà a;imet; fuöektur p;l;Y a;j eqek duex; bzr a;egà
c;rex; bzr a;eg ineY y;iCz jIbn$;ek. ikNtu jIbn$; esE%;en
enEà jIbn$; At dÓ²t gitet p;L$;eCzà a;m;edr A%;nk;r
keMp;ijxn\ p;eL$ y;eCz ezelemeYedr. b;Eerr n;n;n ey
h;tz;in ‡el; a;ezà es‡el;ek kI ker k;$;eb;? ik ker a;im
e#k;eb;à e#k;et p;ir n; a;im. t;r k;r, Ak
smY enx; Ab' epx;ek Ak kq;Y Ak$; kq; a;mr; belizl;m º•r
idn eqek. aLpidnE blet eperizl;mà eknn; b;Stebr ai&`;t$;
a;m;edr ixi%eY ideYizl ey \$; A%n sÅb nY. enx; Ab' epx;
Akkr;$; blet yt$; shj kr; tt$; sÅb nY. a;im ºeniz ek¤ ek¤
n;ik kerezn. a;im j;in n; ekmn ker kerezn. t;r Eek;nimk¿s$;
a;im buZet p;ir n;. es$; a;m;edr %;mità A%;en\ AE ey ntun pÓjenÎr
y;r; a;sez a;m;edrek ekNdÓ kerà a;mr; es$; sb$; buZet
p;riz n; Ab' ±%;en ±kq;$; ideYà ± geè;$; bel et; a;r
a;$k;en; y;eCz n;à ± ey r;mkO‚edebr geè;$; ey$; xÅud;
b;er b;er a;m;edr ex;n;etn ey c;kir b;krI kret ed\Y; y;eCz
AE k;j$; kr;en;r jn*. et;m;ek ey c;krI b;krI kret ed\Y;
heYez es$; AE k;j$; kreb bel kret ed\Y; heYez. AE kq; a;jek
a;im blet p;rb n;à smY p;eL$ egez. ¤in ey gLp$; b;er b;er
bletn ey A$; ik rkm j;en;à aperr b;i‹à b;bur b;i‹et iZ
Ar k;j kerà Ab' b;bur b;i‹et yt=, q;ekà b;bur b;i‹r
ezel$;ek es s;ml;Y. ezelek s;ml;et hY t;r k;jE t;E. ikNtu mn$;
pe‹ q;ek t;r biStr b;i‹et ey b;Cc; ezel$;ek b;i‹et
efel Aesez. et;m;edr k;j kr;r smY mn$; pe‹ q;ek eyn ey bhu–pIet
menr met; k;j$; kreb. AE ey ¤d;hr, ‡el;ek a;mr; e&ter
e&ter &IW, ker st* ker ejenizl;mà p;ln kerizl;mà
esE ¤d;hr,‡el; a;jek cleb n; Ab' enx; Ab' epx;ek a;mr; Ak
kret\ p;ir\in. AE b;Stb abSh;$;ek et; emen inet
heb a;m;ek. AE emen en\Y;r fel d-;‹;eCz Ak$; s'k$ wtrI
heCz. emen en\Y;r fel Ak$; s'k$ wtrI heYez. a;mr; y;r;
puer;en; el;kà &;biz ±$;à a;im &;ib n;à ikNtu
aenekE a;eznà esE puer;en; y;r; a;eznà ekn heb n; a;m;edr
a;mel heYezà A%n heb n; ekn? AE$; b;Stb nYà b;Stb eb;e/r
pircY nY. t;r fel A%;en et; Ak$; s'k$ hebE. a;im an* delr kq;
blb n;à blet p;ir n;. a;im A%;en ed%iz ey %;ink$; %;ink$;
&rs; kerizl;m ey Ar;E eb;/ hY c;ileY ineY y;eb. a;m;r 80
bzr bYs heYezà a;im et; a;r c;l;et p;rb n;à ktidn p;rb?
a;m;r x;rIirk abSh;r jn*E p;rb n; hYt. k;¤ek n; k;¤ek et;
h;l$; /ret heb. s'ek;ecr se^E bliz A%n\ pyRNt ey h;l /r;à organisation
Ar h;l /r;r el;k a;ezà
ikNtu production Ar
ey h;l /r;à organisation
without production m;en ik?
organisation bŸ–pIr
ek;n d;m a;ez? E$ k;# p;qr ineY `r ker bes rEl;m elj;r
buk ineYà es$;et; organisation.
hYt a;im ikzu $;k;\ epl;m. ikNtu es$; ideY et; organisation
cleb n;. organisation
cel et; production
ideY. production
E yid i#kmet; kret n; p;r;
y;Yà es$; yid gç;Y a;ç; eml;en;r mt production
hY. t;hel a;r bŸ–pIr r;%;r drk;r$; kI? t%n et; &;bet
hY sb;E imel ey n; &;Eà this
far and no further a;mr;
Ab;r A$;ek ‡i$eY inE. Ak$; el;k kLpn; kerizeln bŸ–pIekà
a;mr; es$; Atidn pyRNtà a;m;edr s;/* anuy;YIà a;m;edr kLpn;
anuy;YIà sIimt kLpn; t;E ineYE a;mr; keriz k;j$;. ikNtu yid
n; p;r; y;Yà t;hel eb;/ hY a;m;edr A$; bN/ ker ed\Y;
&;l. a;r yid p;r; y;Yà es rkm =mt;r ek¤ Aelà es e$k
a;p kreb. \r h;t eqek a;erkjenr h;et y;eb eymn y;Yà ikNtu xÅud;et;
belnin bN/ ker idet. eceYizeln ikn; j;in n;. ikNtu bN/ ker
idet belnin. ¤in ¤ed*;g ennin bN/ kr;r. t; a;imE b; ¤ed*;g
enb ekn bN/ kr;r ?  |
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